Insulin Therapy

Overview

Insulin Therapy is a critical treatment for managing blood glucose levels in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. It involves the administration of exogenous insulin to compensate for the body's inability to produce or effectively use its own insulin.

Types of Insulin

Administration Methods

1. Subcutaneous Injection — Most common method using syringes or pens
2. Insulin Pump — Continuous subcutaneous delivery
3. Inhaled Insulin — Rapid-acting for mealtime coverage

Monitoring Requirements

• Blood glucose monitoring (4-8 times daily for intensive therapy)
• HbA1c testing every 3-6 months
• Regular assessment for hypoglycemia symptoms
• Injection site rotation to prevent lipodystrophy

Proper insulin storage, injection technique, and dose timing are essential for achieving optimal glycemic control. Patient education is a cornerstone of successful insulin therapy.

Key Considerations

• Hypoglycemia risk — Most common side effect
• Weight gain — May occur with initiation
• Dose titration — Requires gradual adjustment based on glucose patterns
• Sick day management — Special protocols needed